Association between gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome and respiratory tract infections in children: A prospective cohort study

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome and the incidence of pneumonia and recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTIs) in children.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted in the pediatric outpatient department of Beijing Dongfang Hospital. Children without respiratory tract infections (RTIs) were consecutively recruited according to the selection criteria. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to record traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptoms and demographic and physiological characteristics. Gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome was considered to be a predisposing factor and was diagnosed according to a scale with reliability and validity. The participants were followed up for 12 months. Participants and their parents or guardians were contacted via clinical interviews and telephone every 6 months. Episodes of pneumonia and RTIs were recorded in detail.ResultsA total of 420 children were included. Of participants, 370 (88.10%) were followed up for 12 months. The mean number of RTI episodes per participant was 5.37 (95% CI: 5.14 to 5.60). In total, 186 participants in the gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome group and 184 participants in the non-gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome group completed the 12-month follow-up period. The baseline of both groups was comparable. The incidence of RRTIs in children with gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome was 1.27 (95% CI: 1.01 to 1.59) times that in children without gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome. Logistic regression analysis revealed that abnormally increased appetite with frequent hunger, foul breath, dry stools, and dark red or purple fingerprints were positively correlated with the incidence of pneumonia. Irascibility and feverish feelings in the palms and soles were positively correlated with the occurrence of RRTI.ConclusionsGastrointestinal heat retention syndrome is a risk factor for RRTIs in children. Studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up time are warranted to confirm the degree of causal risk associated with RTIs.     

Radiation-Related Deregulation of TUBB3 and BRCA1/2 and Risk of Secondary Lung Cancer in Women With Breast Cancer

IntroductionBreast cancer survivors are at increased risk of developing unrelated primary cancers, particularly lung cancer. Evidence indicates that sex hormones as well as a deregulation of DNA-repair pathways may contribute to lung cancer onset. We investigated whether the hormone status and expression of markers involved in DNA repair (BRCA1/2, ERCC1, and P53R2), synthesis (TS and RRM1), and cell division (TUBB3) might be linked to lung cancer risk.Patients and MethodsThirty-seven breast cancer survivors with unrelated lung cancer and 84 control subjects comprising women with breast cancer (42/84) or lung cancer (42/84) were enrolled. Immunohistochemistry on tumor tissue was performed. Geometric mean ratio was used to assess the association of marker levels with patient groups.ResultsEstrogen receptor was expressed in approximately 90% of the breast cancer group but was negative in the majority of the lung cancer group, a result similar to the lung cancer control group. Likewise, ER isoform β was weakly expressed in the lung cancer group. Protein analysis of breast cancer versus control had a significantly lower expression of BRCA1, P53R2, and TUBB3. Likewise, a BRCA1 reduction was observed in the lung cancer group concomitant with a BRCA2 increase. Furthermore, BRCA2 and TUBB3 increased in ipsilateral lung cancer in women who had previously received radiotherapy for breast cancer.ConclusionThe decrease of DNA-repair proteins in breast cancer could make these women more susceptible to therapy-related cancer. The increase of BRCA2 and TUBB3 in lung cancer from patients who previously received radiotherapy for breast cancer might reflect a tissue response to exposure to ionizing radiation.     

化毒清湿汤对复杂性肛瘘新型探查术后患者手术创面恢复功效研究

目的:研究化毒清湿汤对于复杂性高位肛瘘新型探查术后患者手术创面恢复及相关细胞因子水平的改善功效。方法: 从接受复杂性肛瘘新型探查术治疗的患者中选取104例纳入本次研究,入选患者随机均分为对照组与治疗组,对照组给予术后常规治疗,治疗组在对照组疗法的同时加用化毒清湿汤治疗,于术后2 d、15 d分别对比两组患者的创面面积、疼痛程度,观察创面愈合时间; 术后28 d评估两组疗效,同时观察两组患者术后2 d、28 d时血清细胞生长因子与炎性因子水平的变化。结果:治疗组总有效率98.08%高于对照组的86.54%(P<0.05); 术后15 d两组创面面积、疼痛VAS评分均有所降低且两组比较治疗组更低; 治疗组创面愈合时间为(23.71±5.57)d,对照组为(30.46±7.92)d,两组比较治疗组更低(P<0.05); 术后28 d两组各项细胞生长因子均有上升,组间比较治疗组更高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05); 术后28 d两组各项炎性因子均有好转,组间比较治疗组更优,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:化毒清湿汤可提高复杂性肛瘘新型探查术临床疗效,加快患者术后后创口愈合速度,进一步改善患者细胞生长因子与炎性因子的表达水平。     

4-Carvomenthenol ameliorates the murine combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome by inhibiting IL-13 and mucus production via p38MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway axis

The aim of this study was to analyze the 4-carvomenthenol (carvo) oral treatment on the experimental model of the combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome (CARAS). BALB/c mice were OVA-sensitized on day zero and 7th (50 μg/mL OVA in 10 mg/mL Al (OH)3) and OVA-challenged (5 mg/mL, 20 μL/animal) for three weeks. In the last week, the animals were dally challenged with aerosol of OVA and the carvo treatment (12.5, 25 or 50 mg/kg) occurred one hour before each OVA-challenge. Data were analyzed and p < 0.05 was considered significant. Carvo (12.5–50 mg/kg) decreased significantly the eosinophil migration into the nasal (NALF) and bronchoalveolar (BALF) cavities as well as on the nasal and lung tissues of sick animals. The treatment also decreased mucus production on both tissue sections stained with PAS (periodic acid-Schiff satin). In addition, the histological analyzes demonstrated that sick mice presented hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the lung smooth muscle layer followed by increasing of extracellular matrix and carvo (50 mg/kg) inhibited these asthmatic parameters. We analyzed the allergic rhinitis signals as nasal frictions and sneezing and observed that carvo decreased these two signals as well as serum OVA-specific IgE titer, type 2 cytokine synthesis, mainly IL-13, with increasing of IL-10 production. Decreasing of IL-13 production corroborated with decreasing of mucus production and these effects were dependent on p38MAPK/NF-κB(p65) signaling pathway inhibition. Therefore, these data demonstrated that a monoterpene of essential oils presents anti-allergic property on an experimental model of CARAS suggesting a new drug prototype to treat this allergic syndrome.     

王克穷教授参合腹诊应用大陷胸汤临证经验

《伤寒论》乃经方之祖,而其中关于腹诊论述的条文达1/4以上,是临床选方用药的重要依据,临床实践中对于经方的使用,更应该注重腹诊。大陷胸汤出自《伤寒论》,乃峻下之剂,然今之医者,恐其太过峻猛,鲜有人使用此方,近年来相关报道也较少,但若处方用药恰当,则可取得事半功倍的效果,为指导经方临床应用开阔了思路。     

胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的影响因素研究进展

胰十二指肠切除术(Pancreaticoduodenectomy,PD)是治疗壶腹周围恶性肿瘤、癌前病变和部分良性疾病的标准术式。PD手术切除范围广,吻合口多,手术并发症较多。近年来,PD手术死亡率已经由最初的大于50%下降到目前的小于5%,手术并发症发生率也显著下降。PD术后主要并发症有胰瘘、出血、腹腔感染、胆瘘、乳糜瘘、术后胃排空障碍等。其中,胰瘘是导致PD术后早期死亡的主要原因。本文就影响PD术后胰瘘的全身因素、局部因素和手术相关因素进行综述,为降低PD术后胰瘘发生率提供临床可操作性。     

Outcomes of vascular resection associated with curative intent hepatectomy for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

Background and aimsWe aimed to investigate the impact of vascular resection (VR) on postoperative outcomes and survival of patients undergoing hepatectomy for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).MethodsA retrospective analysis of a multi-institutional series of 270 patients with resected ICC was carried out. Patients were divided into three groups: portal vein VR (PVR), inferior vena cava VR (CVR) and no VR (NVR). Univariate and multivariate analysis were applied to define the impact of VR on postoperative outcomes and survival.ResultsThirty-one patients (11.5%) underwent VR: 15 (5.6%) to PVR and 16 (5.9%) to CVR. R0 resection rates were 73.6% in NVR, 73.3% of PVR and 68.8% in CVR. The postoperative mortality rate was increased in VR groups: 2.5% in NVR, 6.7% in PVR and 12.5% in CVR. The 5-years overall survival (OS) rates progressively decreased from 38.4% in NVR, to 30.1% in CVR and to 22.2% in PVR, p = 0.030. However, multivariable analysis did not confirm an association between VR and prognosis. The following prognostic factors were identified: size ≥50 mm, patterns of distribution of hepatic nodules (single, satellites or multifocal), lymph-node metastases (N1) and R1 resections. In the VR group the 5-years OS rate in patients without lymph-node metastases undergoing R0 resection (VRR0N0) was 44.4%, while in N1 patients undergoing R1 resection was 20% (p < 0.001).ConclusionVascular resection (PVR and CVR) is associated with higher operative risk, but seems to be justified by the good survival results, especially in patients without other negative prognostic factors (R0N0 resections).     

术前NLR、LMR、PNI值对胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘发生的预测价值

目的:探讨术前预后营养指数(PNI)、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、血小板/淋巴细胞比值(PLR)、淋巴细胞/单核细胞比值(LMR)对患者因壶腹周围癌而行胰头十二指肠切除术后发生胰瘘的预测价值。方法:回顾性分析中国医科大学附属盛京医院收治的140例手术切除治疗的壶腹周围癌病例资料。采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)、多因素回归分析确定术前NLR、PLR、LMR、PNI对术后胰瘘的预测价值。结果:共筛选出30例术后临床胰瘘(B级瘘和C级瘘)患者,累积发生率为21.43%(30/140)，其中C级瘘为8例，发生率为5.71%(8/140)。术前NLR、PLR、LMR、PNI预测术后胰瘘的最佳截断值分别为3.49、150.79、2.48、44.8。进一步行多因素回归分析得出术前合并糖尿病、NLR≥3.49、LMR<2.48及PNI<44.8是胰头十二指肠切除术后并发胰瘘的独立危险因素(P＜0.05)。术前高NLR(≥3.49)、低PNI(<44.8)的患者术后发生严重的C级胰瘘的可能更大(P＜0.05)。应用胰瘘风险评分系统(FRS)对患者进行分层,其中21例处于高风险层次，进一步分析得到处于高风险层次的患者当同时合并术前高NLR、低PNI与低LMR中多项不良因素时，术后胰瘘的发生率可显著升高(78.57%,P=0.016)。结论:术前高NLR、低LMR、低PNI对胰头十二指肠切除术后患者并发胰瘘具有一定的预测价值；术前NLR、PNI水平与胰瘘的严重程度等级(B级瘘、C级瘘)具有相关性；处于FRS评分高风险层次的PD患者，当同时合并术前高NLR、低PNI与低LMR中多项时，术后发生胰瘘的风险增高。     

补中益气汤联合耳穴贴压对消化道肿瘤癌因性疲乏患者免疫功能及血清皮质醇的影响

目的:探讨补中益气汤联合耳穴贴压对消化道肿瘤癌因性疲乏患者免疫功能及血清皮质醇的影响。方法:选择消化道肿瘤癌因性疲乏患者92例,以随机数字表法分为两组,各46例。对照组常规治疗加耳穴贴压,观察组在对照组基础上加用补中益气汤。对比两组临床疗效、疲劳症状、生活质量、免疫功能指标、血清皮质醇及不良反应。结果:观察组总有效率为80.43%,高于对照组的60.87%(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者PFS、CD₈⁺均降低,但观察组降低水平更大; 治疗后两组QLQ-C30、CD₃⁺、CD₄⁺及Cor水平均明显升高,且观察组升高幅度更大(P<0.05)。治疗期间对照组未出现明显不良反应,观察组出现2例,组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对照组平均生存时间为(11.80±0.62)个月,观察组平均生存时间为(14.47±0.67)个月,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:补中益气汤联合耳穴贴压可提高消化道肿瘤癌因性疲乏患者临床疗效,延长患者生存期,改善疲劳症状、免疫功能指标,提高生活质量及皮质醇水平。